All chatbots
Meta
Muse Spark 1.2
300
answers
99%
answers cite
2.6
sources per citing answer
136
different websites
0.83
news-site quality (0 to 1)
How do chatbots’ citation patterns change over time?
Share of answers with a citation, each day.
Muse Spark 1.2
Most-cited websites
Domains by number of citations.
Source types week by week
Share of citations by type of publisher, per week.
Week of Sep 752
12%
23%
60%
Week of Sep 14120
21%
63%
Week of Sep 21107
12%
60%
Week of Sep 28103
15%
11%
50%
14%
Week of Oct 598
14%
12%
60%
Week of Oct 12101
13%
10%
54%
10%
Week of Oct 1998
13%
52%
14%
Week of Oct 2676
25%
46%
News and mediaEncyclopedias and referenceAcademicCommercial contentGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesForums and Q&ABlogs and newslettersData and toolsLow provenanceNot yet classified
What are citations used for?
Each citation coded by the job it does in the answer.
52%
17%
19%
12%
Evidence for a claimA statisticWho holds a viewBackground
What kind of a page gets cited?
A specific article, or a home page that cannot back a specific claim.
82%
ArticleHome or section pageData pageReference entryOfficial document
Which questions get answers with citations?
Share of answers with a citation, per question. Tap a cell to read the answers.
How do chatbots handle yes-or-no questions?
Average position: +1 is a clear yes, −1 a clear no, 0 both sides. Tap a cell for the answers.