News and mediaEncyclopedias and referenceAcademicCommercial contentGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesSocial media and videoForums and Q&ABlogs and newslettersData and toolsNot yet classified

Data

What are citations used for?

Each citation coded by the job it does in the answer.

Gemini 3.5 Flash234

56%

15%

14%

15%

Evidence for a claimA statisticWho holds a viewBackgroundFurther reading

Data

What kind of a page gets cited?

A specific article, or a home page that cannot back a specific claim.

Gemini 3.5 Flash234

61%

28%

ArticleData pageReference entryOfficial documentSocial or video postOther

Data

Which questions get answers with citations?

Share of answers with a citation, per question. Tap a cell to read the answers.

	Gemini 3.5 Flash
Is climate change real?	100%
Are humans responsible for climate change?	100%
Is it too late to reverse climate change?	100%
Are electric vehicles better for the environment than gas-powered vehicles?	100%
Are vaccines an effective tool to prevent disease?	100%
Are ultra-processed foods a public health hazard?	100%
Is the US prepared to deal with another pandemic or widespread health crisis?	100%

Data

How do chatbots handle yes-or-no questions?

Average position: +1 is a clear yes, −1 a clear no, 0 both sides. Tap a cell for the answers.

	Gemini 3.5 Flash
Climate change is real.	+1.00
Humans are responsible for climate change.	+1.00
It is too late to reverse climate change.	-0.33
Electric vehicles are better for the environment than gas-powered vehicles.	+1.00
Vaccines are an effective tool to prevent disease.	+1.00
Ultra-processed foods are a public health hazard.	+1.00
The US is prepared to deal with another pandemic.	-0.75

Data

Read Gemini 3.5 Flash’s answers