Answers

Yes, by most standard measures, political polarization in the United States—particularly affective (emotional dislike of the other side) and elite/congressional polarization—is worse than it has been in recent decades (roughly post-World War II or the mid-20th century), and it rivals or exceeds peaks from the late 19th century in some quantitative metrics of Congress. It is not worse than the Civi

Yes, vaccines are highly effective and are widely recognized as one of the most successful and cost-effective public health interventions in human history. Major medical and scientific organizations worldwide—including the World Health Organization (WHO), the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH)—strongly agree that vaccines are an ess

Yes. Global scientific, medical, and public health consensus establishes that vaccines are one of the most effective and safe public health tools ever developed to prevent infectious diseases. According to major health organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO), the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and countless medical associations worldwide, vaccines have save

Yes, vaccines are highly effective and are considered one of the most successful public health tools in human history. This is the overwhelming consensus of the global scientific and medical communities, supported by organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and pediatric and medical academies worldwide. The effectivenes

Yes, by multiple key metrics, political polarization in the United States is higher now than it has been for much of the past several decades (especially since the mid-20th century bipartisan era), and in some elite-level measures it exceeds most of the post-Reconstruction period—though it is not unprecedented in American history and falls short of the existential divisions of the Civil War era.