AI and technology
Is social media more harmful or helpful?
Position tracked against: “Social media is more harmful than helpful.”
How do chatbots’ citation patterns change over time?
Share of answers with a citation, each day.
GPT-5Claude Sonnet 5Gemini 3.5 FlashGrok 4.5Muse Spark 1.2
Position over time
Average position each day on one yes-or-no question (+1 yes, −1 no).
GPT-5Claude Sonnet 5Gemini 3.5 FlashGrok 4.5Muse Spark 1.2
Social media is more harmful than helpful.
How often do chatbots cite external sources?
Share of answers with at least one link/citation.
Most-cited websites
Domains by number of citations.
What kinds of sources do chatbots use?
Share of each chatbot’s citations by type of publisher.
News and mediaEncyclopedias and referenceAcademicCommercial contentGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesSocial media and videoData and toolsLow provenanceNot yet classified
Which way the sources point
On yes-or-no questions, whether what each citation backs points to yes, to no, or neither.
Points to yesNeutralPoints to no