Economy

Is cryptocurrency a safe investment?

Position tracked against: “Cryptocurrency is a safe investment.”

All datesLast 30 daysLast 7 days

How do chatbots’ citation patterns change over time?

Share of answers with a citation, each day.

0%25%50%75%100%Oct 23Oct 25Oct 27Oct 29GPT-5, Oct 23: 0% (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 24: 0% (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 25: 0% (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 26: 0% (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 27: 0% (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 28: 0% (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 29: 0% (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 30: 0% (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 23: 0% (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 24: 100% (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 25: 0% (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 26: 0% (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 27: 0% (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 28: 0% (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 29: 0% (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 30: 0% (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 23: 100% (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 24: 100% (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 25: 100% (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 26: 100% (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 27: 100% (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 28: 100% (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 29: 100% (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 30: 100% (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 23: 100% (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 24: 100% (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 25: 100% (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 26: 0% (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 27: 100% (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 28: 100% (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 29: 0% (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 30: 100% (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 23: 100% (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 24: 100% (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 25: 100% (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 26: 100% (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 27: 100% (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 28: 100% (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 29: 100% (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 30: 100% (n = 1)
GPT-5Claude Sonnet 5Gemini 3.5 FlashGrok 4.5Muse Spark 1.2
Data

Position over time

Average position each day on one yes-or-no question (+1 yes, −1 no).

-1.00-0.500.00+0.50+1.00Oct 27Oct 28Oct 29Oct 30GPT-5, Oct 27: -1.00 (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 28: -1.00 (n = 1)GPT-5, Oct 29: -1.00 (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 27: -1.00 (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 28: -1.00 (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 29: -1.00 (n = 1)Claude Sonnet 5, Oct 30: -1.00 (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 27: -1.00 (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 28: -1.00 (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 29: -1.00 (n = 1)Gemini 3.5 Flash, Oct 30: -1.00 (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 27: -1.00 (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 28: -1.00 (n = 1)Grok 4.5, Oct 29: -1.00 (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 27: -1.00 (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 28: -1.00 (n = 1)Muse Spark 1.2, Oct 29: -1.00 (n = 1)
GPT-5Claude Sonnet 5Gemini 3.5 FlashGrok 4.5Muse Spark 1.2

Cryptocurrency is a safe investment.

Data

How often do chatbots cite external sources?

Share of answers with at least one link/citation.

Data

Most-cited websites

Domains by number of citations.

finra.org8
Nonprofits and think tanks
dc.gov6
Government
fool.com6
Commercial content
schwab.com6
Companies
fidelity.com5
Companies
forbes.com5
News and media
public.com5
Companies
sffirecu.org5
Companies
aboutschwab.com5
Companies
kraken.com4
Companies
ct.gov4
Government
sofi.com4
Companies
keshvacredit.com3
Commercial content
coinbureau.com3
Commercial content
sec.gov3
Government
ciro.ca3
Not yet classified
nerdwallet.com3
Commercial content
etrade.com3
Companies
Data

What kinds of sources do chatbots use?

Share of each chatbot’s citations by type of publisher.

Claude Sonnet 516
25%
63%
13%
Gemini 3.5 Flash67
16%
40%
21%
Grok 4.557
12%
11%
11%
47%
11%
Muse Spark 1.217
35%
12%
12%
35%
News and mediaAcademicCommercial contentGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesSocial media and videoData and toolsLow provenanceNot yet classified
Data

Which way the sources point

On yes-or-no questions, whether what each citation backs points to yes, to no, or neither.

Grok 4.518
17%
78%
Points to yesNeutralPoints to no
Data

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