All chatbots
Meta
Muse Spark 1.2
55
answers
80%
answers cite
2.7
sources per citing answer
63
different websites
0.81
news-site quality (0 to 1)
How do chatbots’ citation patterns change over time?
Share of answers with a citation, each day.
Muse Spark 1.2
Most-cited websites
Domains by number of citations.
Source types week by week
Share of citations by type of publisher, per week.
Week of Oct 1930
20%
10%
10%
33%
10%
Week of Oct 2690
23%
13%
29%
News and mediaEncyclopedias and referenceAcademicGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesSocial media and videoForums and Q&ABlogs and newslettersData and toolsLow provenanceNot yet classified
What are citations used for?
Each citation coded by the job it does in the answer.
28%
49%
20%
Evidence for a claimA statisticWho holds a viewBackground
What kind of a page gets cited?
A specific article, or a home page that cannot back a specific claim.
77%
18%
ArticleData pageReference entryOfficial document
Which questions get answers with citations?
Share of answers with a citation, per question. Tap a cell to read the answers.
How do chatbots handle yes-or-no questions?
Average position: +1 is a clear yes, −1 a clear no, 0 both sides. Tap a cell for the answers.