All chatbots
OpenAI
GPT-5
56
answers
39%
answers cite
7.8
sources per citing answer
55
different websites
0.90
news-site quality (0 to 1)
How do chatbots’ citation patterns change over time?
Share of answers with a citation, each day.
GPT-5
Most-cited websites
Domains by number of citations.
Source types week by week
Share of citations by type of publisher, per week.
Week of Oct 1970
14%
66%
13%
Week of Oct 26101
12%
56%
15%
News and mediaEncyclopedias and referenceAcademicGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesLow provenanceNot yet classified
What are citations used for?
Each citation coded by the job it does in the answer.
GPT-562
58%
39%
Evidence for a claimA statisticBackground
What kind of a page gets cited?
A specific article, or a home page that cannot back a specific claim.
GPT-562
35%
18%
45%
ArticleData pageReference entryOfficial document
Which questions get answers with citations?
Share of answers with a citation, per question. Tap a cell to read the answers.
How do chatbots handle yes-or-no questions?
Average position: +1 is a clear yes, −1 a clear no, 0 both sides. Tap a cell for the answers.