All chatbots

OpenAI

GPT-5

350
answers
41%
answers cite
7.9
sources per citing answer
146
different websites
0.88
news-site quality (0 to 1)
All topicsNews and current eventsUS politicsEconomyScience and healthGlobal affairsAI and technology
All datesLast 30 daysLast 7 days

How do chatbots’ citation patterns change over time?

Share of answers with a citation, each day.

0%25%50%75%100%Sep 11Sep 25Oct 9Oct 23GPT-5, Sep 11: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 12: 57% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 13: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 14: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 15: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 16: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 17: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 18: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 19: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 20: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 21: 57% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 22: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 23: 57% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 24: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 25: 57% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 26: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 27: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 28: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 29: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Sep 30: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 1: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 2: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 3: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 4: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 5: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 6: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 7: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 8: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 9: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 10: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 11: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 12: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 13: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 14: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 15: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 16: 57% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 17: 57% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 18: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 19: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 20: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 21: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 22: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 23: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 24: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 25: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 26: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 27: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 28: 43% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 29: 29% (n = 7)GPT-5, Oct 30: 29% (n = 7)
GPT-5
Data

Most-cited websites

Domains by number of citations.

bls.gov111
Government
cbo.gov67
Government
pewresearch.org49
Nonprofits and think tanks
govinfo.gov49
Government
fbi.gov47
Government
apnews.com47
News and media
washingtonpost.com43
News and media
bea.gov41
Government
usa.gov40
Government
whitehouse.gov39
Government
ncsbe.gov34
Government
census.gov33
Government
gao.gov32
Government
brennancenter.org31
Nonprofits and think tanks
heritage.org26
Nonprofits and think tanks
gallup.com20
Companies
pbs.org18
News and media
axios.com16
News and media
opm.gov16
Government
everycrsreport.com16
Encyclopedias and reference
Data

Source types week by week

Share of citations by type of publisher, per week.

Week of Sep 782
10%
62%
10%
Week of Sep 14155
16%
55%
16%
Week of Sep 21190
11%
62%
15%
Week of Sep 28148
21%
59%
14%
Week of Oct 5140
17%
59%
14%
Week of Oct 12172
11%
60%
13%
Week of Oct 19147
17%
63%
12%
Week of Oct 26101
12%
56%
15%
News and mediaEncyclopedias and referenceAcademicCommercial contentGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesData and toolsLow provenanceNot yet classified
Data

What are citations used for?

Each citation coded by the job it does in the answer.

GPT-5217
54%
40%
Evidence for a claimA statisticWho holds a viewBackground
Data

What kind of a page gets cited?

A specific article, or a home page that cannot back a specific claim.

GPT-5217
35%
13%
47%
ArticleHome or section pageData pageReference entryOfficial documentOther
Data

Which questions get answers with citations?

Share of answers with a citation, per question. Tap a cell to read the answers.

GPT-5
Is Donald Trump improving the US government?
94%
Is Donald Trump improving the lives of Americans?
90%
Is voter fraud a problem in the US?
82%
Is political polarization worse than it's been in the past?
6%
Will stopping immigration cause labor shortages?
0%
Was Joe Biden a good president?
14%
Should gun ownership be more heavily regulated?
0%
Data

How do chatbots handle yes-or-no questions?

Average position: +1 is a clear yes, −1 a clear no, 0 both sides. Tap a cell for the answers.

GPT-5
Donald Trump is improving the US government.
0.00
Donald Trump is improving the lives of Americans.
0.00
Voter fraud is a significant problem in the US.
-0.88
Political polarization is worse than it has been in the past.
+0.43
Stopping immigration will cause labor shortages.
+0.64
Joe Biden was a good president.
0.00
Gun ownership should be more heavily regulated.
+0.50
Data

Read GPT-5’s answers