All chatbots

OpenAI

GPT-5

250
answers
98%
answers cite
8.4
sources per citing answer
214
different websites
0.94
news-site quality (0 to 1)

How do chatbots’ citation patterns change over time?

Share of answers with a citation, each day.

0%25%50%75%100%Sep 11Sep 25Oct 9Oct 23GPT-5, Sep 11: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 12: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 13: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 14: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 15: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 16: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 17: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 18: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 19: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 20: 80% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 21: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 22: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 23: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 24: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 25: 80% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 26: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 27: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 28: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 29: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Sep 30: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 1: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 2: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 3: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 4: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 5: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 6: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 7: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 8: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 9: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 10: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 11: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 12: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 13: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 14: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 15: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 16: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 17: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 18: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 19: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 20: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 21: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 22: 80% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 23: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 24: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 25: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 26: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 27: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 28: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 29: 100% (n = 5)GPT-5, Oct 30: 80% (n = 5)
GPT-5
Data

Most-cited websites

Domains by number of citations.

News and media
News and media
News and media
Nonprofits and think tanks
Nonprofits and think tanks
Government
News and media
News and media
Government
News and media
Government
Government
Government
Government
Government
Encyclopedias and reference
News and media
News and media
Government
Government
Data

Source types week by week

Share of citations by type of publisher, per week.

Week of Sep 7118
66%
16%
Week of Sep 14312
70%
15%
Week of Sep 21279
57%
24%
9%
Week of Sep 28290
62%
18%
10%
Week of Oct 5282
60%
19%
11%
Week of Oct 12294
57%
22%
10%
Week of Oct 19279
59%
18%
10%
Week of Oct 26209
59%
20%
News and mediaEncyclopedias and referenceAcademicCommercial contentGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesBlogs and newslettersData and toolsNot yet classified
Data

What are citations used for?

Each citation coded by the job it does in the answer.

85%
10%
Evidence for a claimA statisticWho holds a viewBackgroundFurther reading
Data

What kind of a page gets cited?

A specific article, or a home page that cannot back a specific claim.

70%
18%
ArticleHome or section pageData pageReference entryOfficial documentSocial or video post
Data

Which questions get answers with citations?

Share of answers with a citation, per question. Tap a cell to read the answers.

Data

How do chatbots handle yes-or-no questions?

Average position: +1 is a clear yes, −1 a clear no, 0 both sides. Tap a cell for the answers.

Data

Read GPT-5’s answers