All chatbotsGoogle
Gemini 3.5 Flash
190
answers
80%
answers cite
8.7
sources per citing answer
334
different websites
0.81
news-site quality (0 to 1)
How do chatbots’ citation patterns change over time?
Share of answers with a citation, each day.
Gemini 3.5 Flash
Most-cited websites
Domains by number of citations.
Source types week by week
Share of citations by type of publisher, per week.
Week of Sep 28136
23%
13%
17%
17%
Week of Oct 5184
15%
16%
18%
19%
Week of Oct 12283
15%
11%
15%
19%
Week of Oct 19396
13%
12%
9%
26%
15%
Week of Oct 26320
17%
9%
9%
25%
16%
News and mediaEncyclopedias and referenceAcademicCommercial contentGovernmentNonprofits and think tanksCompaniesSocial media and videoForums and Q&ABlogs and newslettersData and toolsLow provenanceNot yet classified
What are citations used for?
Each citation coded by the job it does in the answer.
58%
13%
18%
11%
Evidence for a claimA statisticWho holds a viewBackground
What kind of a page gets cited?
A specific article, or a home page that cannot back a specific claim.
57%
22%
ArticleHome or section pageData pageReference entryOfficial documentSocial or video postOther
Which questions get answers with citations?
Share of answers with a citation, per question. Tap a cell to read the answers.
How do chatbots handle yes-or-no questions?
Average position: +1 is a clear yes, −1 a clear no, 0 both sides. Tap a cell for the answers.