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Muse Spark 1.2Oct 10, 2026meta/muse-spark-1.2-20260805

Is climate change real?

I'll search for the latest scientific evidence to answer your question about climate change.

Yes, climate change is real and is supported by overwhelming scientific evidence.

There is unequivocal evidence that Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate. Human activity is the principal cause.

What the science shows

•While Earth's climate has changed throughout its history, the current warming is happening at a rate not seen in the past 10,000 years.
•The current warming trend is different because it is clearly the result of human activities since the mid-1800s, and is proceeding at a rate not seen over many recent millennia.
•According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), "Since systematic scientific assessments began in the 1970s, the influence of human activity on the warming of the climate system has evolved from theory to established fact."
•Scientific information taken from natural sources (such as ice cores, rocks, and tree rings) and from modern equipment (like satellites and instruments) all show the signs of a changing climate.
•Joint statements by international science academies state: "Climate change is real. There will always be uncertainty in understanding a system as complex as the world's climate. However there is now strong evidence that significant global warming is occurring."
•Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures.

Scientific Consensus

Yes, the vast majority of actively publishing climate scientists – 97 percent – agree that humans are causing global warming and climate change. Most of the leading science organizations around the world have issued public statements expressing this, including international and U.S. science academies, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Multiple studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals show that 97 percent or more of actively publishing climate scientists agree in this assessment.

Key Evidence of Rapid Climate Change

NASA and other agencies track multiple independent indicators, all consistent with warming:

1.Global Temperature Is Rising - The planet's average surface temperature has risen about 2 degrees Fahrenheit (1 degrees Celsius) since the late 19th century.
2.The Ocean Is Getting Warmer - The ocean has absorbed much of this increased heat, with the top 100 meters (about 328 feet) of ocean showing warming of 0.67 degrees Fahrenheit (0.33 degrees Celsius) since 1969. Earth stores 90% of the extra energy in the ocean.
3.The Ice Sheets Are Shrinking - The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have decreased in mass. Data show Greenland lost an average of 279 billion tons of ice per year between 1993 and 2019, while Antarctica lost about 148 billion tons of ice per year.
4.Glaciers Are Retreating - Glaciers are retreating almost everywhere around the world — including in the Alps, Himalayas, Andes, Rockies, Alaska, and Africa.
5.Snow Cover Is Decreasing - Satellite observations reveal that the amount of spring snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere has decreased over the past five decades and the snow is melting earlier.
6.Sea Level Is Rising - Global sea level rose about 8 inches (20 centimeters) in the last century.
7.Arctic Sea Ice Is Declining - Both the extent and thickness of Arctic sea ice has declined rapidly over the last several decades.
8.Extreme Events Are Increasing in Frequency - The number of record high temperature events in the United States has been increasing, while the number of record low temperature events has been decreasing, since 1950.
9.Ocean Acidification Is Increasing - Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the acidity of surface ocean waters has increased by about 30%.

In short, the evidence for rapid climate change is described by NASA as compelling, based on direct measurements of rising surface air and ocean temperatures, retreating glaciers, rising sea levels, and other changes to physical and biological systems.

Citations (2)

  1. 1nasa.govGovernment
    Climate Change - NASA Science

    Backs: “Yes, climate change is real and is supported by overwhelming scientific evidence. There is unequivocal evidence that Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate.”

  2. 2nasa.govGovernment
    Evidence - NASA Science

    Backs: “There is unequivocal evidence that Earth is warming at an unprecedented rate. Human activity is the principal cause. What the science shows. While Earth's climate has changed throughout its history, the current warming is happening at a rate not seen in the past 10,000 years.”