Are humans responsible for climate change?

I'll search the latest scientific evidence on humanity's role in climate change.

Yes - according to the overwhelming scientific evidence and consensus, humans are responsible for the modern climate change, particularly the warming observed since the mid-20th century.

What the scientific consensus says

Major scientific bodies phrase this even more strongly:

> "It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land"

> The Sixth Assessment Report (2021–23) concluded that climate change is unequivocally caused by human activities

> In its Sixth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change concluded that it is unequivocal that the increase of CO2, methane, and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere over the industrial era is the result of human activities and that human influence is the principal driver of many changes observed across the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere and biosphere

Similarly on NASA's Scientific Consensus page:

> "It is unequivocal that the increase of CO2, methane, and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere over the industrial era is the result of human activities and that human influence is the principal driver of many changes observed across the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere, and biosphere."

> Scientific evidence continues to show that human activities (primarily the human burning of fossil fuels) have warmed Earth's surface and its ocean basins

> "Observations throughout the world make it clear that climate change is occurring, and rigorous scientific research demonstrates that the greenhouse gases emitted by human activities are the primary driver."

Surveys of the literature show the same agreement:

> "Based on well-established evidence, about 97% of climate scientists have concluded that human-caused climate change is happening."

> "Based on extensive scientific evidence, it is extremely likely that human activities, especially emissions of greenhouse gases, are the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century."

Why scientists attribute it to humans

Human Activity Is the Cause of Increased Greenhouse Gas Concentrations and Human activity is the principal cause.

Humans are driving the global warming trend observed since the mid-20th century.

Several lines of evidence show that current global warming cannot be explained by changes in energy from the Sun: Since 1750, the average amount of energy from the Sun either remained constant or decreased slightly. If a more active Sun caused the warming, scientists would expect warmer temperatures in all layers of the atmosphere. Instead, they have observed a cooling in the upper atmosphere and a warming at the surface and lower parts of the atmosphere. Climate models that include solar irradiance changes can't reproduce the observed temperature trend over the past century or more without including a rise in greenhouse gases.

Natural variability - such as solar variability, volcanic eruptions, and internal ocean-atmosphere exchanges - does affect climate year-to-year and can speed up or slow down warming for a decade or two, but The observed long-term global warming is primarily human-caused and is far too small to account for the sustained rise since the pre-industrial period.

In short, climate has changed naturally in the past, but the specific pattern, timing, and magnitude of warming since the Industrial Revolution, especially since about 1950, matches the fingerprint expected from human greenhouse-gas emissions and does not match fingerprints from natural drivers alone.